Publisher's Synopsis
Excerpt from Marshall's Gold Discovery: A Lecture (the Fourth of the Sixth Annual Course of Lick Lectures); Delivered Before the Society of California Pioneers, in Pioneer Hall, San Francisco, on the 24th of January, 1893, the 45th Anniversary of the Discovery
Capt. Sutter, a native of Baden, of Swiss parentage, a graduate of a Military Academy Of Berne, after serving as an Officer in the Swiss Guards of Charles X. Of France, until his dethronement in 1830, and having been naturalized in the United States, and afterwards in Mexico, owned a ranch on the eastern bank Of the Sacramento river, and occupied an adobe fort to which he had given the name of New Helvetia. This establishment, several miles east of the point where Sacramento City afterwards grew up, was at the head of navi gation for sailing vessels on the Sacramento river, and where the immigrants crossing the continent by land, first found a settlement of white men in California. As it was expected that American immigrants would be numerous and would nearly all come that way, New Helvetia was Of much pros pective importance, and the best place for a trading station in the interior of the territory.
Sutter had gone into the business of growing wheat. He had found that in favorable seasons the land would yield good crops. He had sold many tons for exportation, and he depended upon it for most Of his revenue. Knowing that he could make more from it if he could grind it into ?our, early in 1847, he determined to construct a ?our-mill, and also a saw-mill which should furnish the lumber for his buildings.
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