Publisher's Synopsis
Excerpt from Experimental Engineering
Materials under test are seldom so homogeneous that samples, taken even from the same piece, show exactly the same strength. In efficiency tests the personal error of the observer is usually such as to cause slight variations in the results from different observations. The results obtained in such work can therefore have no fixed and certain values, following known laws, but will approximate more or less closely to the average value which it is desired to obtain. In order to approximate as closely as possible to the result, it is desirable, where possible, to obtain the mean result from a series of experiments. Where it is possible to secure only single observa tions, it is necessary to take more than ordinary precautions in eliminating all possible sources of error.
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