Publisher's Synopsis
Can apply macro and micro economic methods to measure agricultural food loss and waste prediction value ?There are both micro economic and macro economic conditions measure agricultural -food losses and wastes. (1)Agricultural ( agri.) -food losses will be caused during this process is carrying on: From farming industry to post harvest to food processing industry.(2)Agricultural food waste will be caused during this process is carrying on: From wholesale supermarkets to food service to domestic consumption.Micro-economic drivers measure food loss and waste prediction value: (1)Production theory and profit maximization.During food manufacturing process, it is possible that food losses will be caused due to bad food planned and weak food stock management, not reaching " optimal efficiency" in agricultural-food products, inappropriate food contact materials, low level of technology innovations, food price variable; elasticity, weak competitiveness factors, value chains have inadequate storage; lack of access to financial resources; missing markets; out dated technology, lack of technical knowledge; limited market access, outdated, inadequate or inefficient production and harvest techniques, transportation of food over long distances etc. factors are as all elements that could impact on the value chain efficiency.(2)Consumer theoryDistance of the real consumer from the ideal consumer with a representative behavior, new values guiding consumer choices ( social status); relationship between low purchase power and the consumption of low nutritional food; new food preferences, increased opportunity cost related to housework and food preparation; high use of pre-cooked and ready to eat products, portion size, lack of information related to food labels, standard and expiration date.(3)Behavioral economiesDecisions are taken on the basis of intuition and previous experiences rather than following a strict optimization scheme, food consumer's expected and effective response to buy the kind of food to eat, food manufacturing whether might respond to the real needs, the different food between performances and consumer needs, farmers or food manufacturers lack capacity for medium to long term evaluation of investment and return on food manufacturing.⦁Macro-economic drivers measure food loss and waste(1)Improvement of harvest techniques: Lacking of thinks between agri.-food producers and agri.-food consumers, lacking of agri.-food market access and knowledge, lacking of lacking with international agri.-food markets and weak local agri.-food policies to lead to a failure investment; lacking of knowledge to allow farmers to search new agri.-food products and diversity their agri.-food sale activities.(2)Changing agri.-industry employment structure and decline of work force engaged in the agricultural sector and related rural: Urban migration agri.-food changing of the social organization on agri.-food consumption habits; agri.-food related needs and diets ( increased consumption of meat, fish, fresh fruit and vegetables); declining consumption to more perishable agri.-food and short shelf life items in supermarket ( agri.- food waste).Loss if labor force in the post-harvest segment of the agri.-food supply chain ( agri.-food loss), lack of shills and knowledge among the operators of the agri.-food supply chain as well as among agricultural consumers; high agricultural labor cost with a consequent staff reduction to manage damaged or imperfect agricultural-food products, unemployment has an effect similar to inflation determining a reduction of consumption.(3)Globalization influence: