Publisher's Synopsis
Excerpt from Bulletins 430-449: June 1946-July 1947
The availability of marketing opportunities has a close relation ship to the conditions determining land tenure status but this relation ship is exerted indirectly rather than directly. Many factors both physical and economic have their influence upon the combination of enterprises to be used in any area or on any individual farm. The principal economic factors involved are marketing opportunities, transportation facilities, and the use of capital and credit.
Marketing outlets together with the necessary transportation facilities are very important factors influencing the choices between competing enterprises and it is through these Choices that the tenure status is often determined. Marketing opportunities act to provide or deprive the farmer of alternative enterprises that he can choose between when he selects the particular combination of crop and livestock enterprises that he will use. From this particular combina tion of farm enterprises and the proportioning of the factors of pro duction between them, the farmer gets his annual income. The amount of this income determines in a very large measure whether the farmer will be in position to acquire farm real estate and farm capital.
Since marketing opportunities influence the enterprise pattern and consequently the level of his income, they exert a very important indirect influence On the tenure status. Ordinarily, crops are not raised commercially in any area until the markets and transportation facilities necessary for handling the crops are developed. An excel lent example of this is given in the history of Marion and Jefferson Davis Counties where cotton has been the main cash crop for many years. The lack of marketing opportunities for other crop and live stock enterprises has been a major determining factor in continuing cotton as the only important cash crop; The tenure changes that can come with changes in marketing opportunities usually come Slowly as new markets are realized. There is probably very little prospect that the cotton economy in this area will be disrupted by the introduction of new enterprises but the more complete utilization of the soil and the labor available depend upon the introduction of other enterprises that do not have to compete directly with cotton. However, the successful introduction of many new enterprises depends upon the successful establishment of market ing opportunities.
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